一、強(qiáng)調(diào)句(The Emphatic Pattern)是一種修辭，是人們?yōu)榱吮磉_(dá)自己的意愿或情感而使用的一種形式。通過各種方式對(duì)句子中的某個(gè)部分進(jìn)行強(qiáng)調(diào)，從而起到修辭的作用。 英語(yǔ)常用的強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)是“It is (was)+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分(主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ))+who (that)...”。一般說來，被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分指人時(shí)，用who；指事物時(shí)用that，但that也可以指人。

 

　　強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，即“It is/was＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分＋that/who/whom+其它”句型之中。

 

　　使用該句型有以下幾點(diǎn)請(qǐng)注意：

 

　　1、 強(qiáng)調(diào)句的謂語(yǔ)is或was永遠(yuǎn)用單數(shù).

 

　　It was yesterday that I met your father in the street．

 

　　2、不管被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分是哪種狀語(yǔ)，只能用that連接，不得使用where、when等連詞.

 

　　It was in the street that I met your father yesterday．

 

　　3、被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分為人時(shí)，可用who(主格或賓格)和whom(賓格)代替that，用that也行。

 

　　1)    It was your father that/whom /who I met in the street yesterday．

 

　　2) It was I that/who met your father in the street yesterday．

 

　　4、強(qiáng)調(diào)句中 也要注意主謂一致、人稱一致和否定轉(zhuǎn)移的問題。

 

　　1)    It is they who are our friends．

 

　　2) It was not until ten o‘clock that we got home last night．

 

　　5、注意不要混淆強(qiáng)調(diào)句和其他從句。It is was…that…為強(qiáng)調(diào)句標(biāo)志，去掉后仍可組成一個(gè)完整的句子，只是沒被強(qiáng)調(diào)，而其他從句一般不具備這一特征。

 

　　比較：

 

　　1) It was ten o’clock when we got home last night．我們昨晚到家時(shí)已十點(diǎn)了。

 

　　2) It was at ten o‘clock that we got home last night．我們昨晚是在十點(diǎn)到家的。

 

　　第一句不是強(qiáng)調(diào)句，when不可改為that，因?yàn)槿サ鬷t was和that后，只能組成“We got home ten o’clock last night．”這樣一個(gè)不完整的句子；第二句是強(qiáng)調(diào)句，that不可改為when．

 

　　二、其他句型

 

　　1. It is…since…

 

　　本句型主句中用時(shí)間作表語(yǔ)，一般用現(xiàn)在時(shí)或完成時(shí)，since引導(dǎo)的從句常用瞬間動(dòng)詞的一般過去時(shí)態(tài)。主句如用一般過去時(shí)，則從句用過去完成時(shí)。

 

　　2. It is…when…

 

　　本句型中的when引導(dǎo)的是一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，主句中的it指時(shí)間，表語(yǔ)由具體的時(shí)間充當(dāng)。

 

　　3. It looks (seems) as if．．．

 

　　本句型中的as if引導(dǎo)一個(gè)狀語(yǔ)從句，常譯為“看起來好像……”。如果與事實(shí)不相符合，則用虛擬語(yǔ)氣．

 

　　例1  It looks as if he is ill (真的病了) .

 

　　例2  It looks as if he were ill  (沒有生病) .

 

　　三、綜合練習(xí)

 

　�。ㄒ唬�    中英文互譯

 

　　1、正是在大約20年前Joe成了家。

 

　　2、I do love you.

 

　　I did love you.

 

　　He does hate her.

 

　　3、Was it you that I saw last night in the cinema？

 

　　1、    到底是誰(shuí)昨天打破了窗戶？

 

　　5、It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star.

 

　　6、(1)It might be Joe that you are thinking of.

 

　　(2)It must have been his sister that you saw.

 

　　7、    真正重要的在于保護(hù)樹，而不在于種多少樹

 

　　8、    It is where my father worked that I work now.

 

　　9、我昨晚在音樂會(huì)上看到的是你嗎？

 

　　10、直到他回來，他才了解到警察一直在找他。

 

　�。ǘ�）填空

 

　　1.It is not who is right but what is right _____ is of importance.

 

　　2.It _____ we had stayed together for a couple of weeks _____ I found we had a lot in common.

 

　　3.I don‘t mind her criticizing me， but _____ is how she does it that I object to.

 

　　4.---Where did you get to know her？

 

　　---It was on the farm _____ you worked.

 

　　5.--- _____ that he managed to get the information？

 

　　---Oh， a friend of his helped him.